A new report from IDTechEx indicates that global demand for helium is expected to double by 2035, fuelled by the various applications of this crucial element. Helium is a finite resource but remains essential across many sectors. Its distinct properties, including high thermal conductivity, chemical inertness, and cryogenic capabilities, make it a key material in industries like medical imaging and semiconductor manufacturing.
In their latest report titled ‘Helium Market 2025-2035: Applications, Alternatives, and Reclamation’, IDTechEx explores the sectors contributing to the rising global demand for helium.
One of the primary industries reliant on helium is manufacturing, where its cooling and inert characteristics are highly valued. The production of semiconductors and fibre optics, along with the leak testing of HVAC systems, fuel tanks, and aerospace parts, all depend on helium. Additionally, it plays a vital role in quality control and precision welding, particularly in the production of electrical and automotive components. As the semiconductor industry continues to develop smaller nodes, particularly for artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicles, the need for helium is expected to increase. With no viable alternatives that can match helium’s efficiency, strategies for conservation and reclamation have become more crucial than ever.
Helium’s cryogenic properties are another critical aspect of its utility, especially given its ability to reach temperatures close to absolute zero. This makes it indispensable for several advanced technologies, including superconducting devices used in MRI and NMR machines within the medical and chemical industries, as well as particle accelerators like the Large Hadron Collider and certain nuclear fusion reactors. In quantum computing, where ultra-low temperatures are necessary, helium is used within cryostats. Although MRI scanners have historically been one of the largest consumers of helium, innovations in hardware, software, and materials are beginning to reduce its demand. Sealed-for-life MRI designs and the application of high-temperature superconductors are steps towards more sustainable helium usage.
The aerospace industry is another sector where helium plays a crucial role, functioning as an inert gas for purging hydrogen systems, pressurising fluid systems, and conducting leak tests on components. It is also employed in precision welding and the cooling of aerospace components. Over the past five years, the aerospace industry has seen a sharp rise in orbital launches, largely driven by commercial enterprises. This has further established helium as an essential resource within the aerospace field. According to IDTechEx, helium demand in aerospace is expected to grow in line with the industry’s expansion and the increasing complexity of space missions.
However, the market for helium faces challenges, particularly concerning the limited diversification of production and geopolitical issues in helium-rich areas. While countries such as Qatar and Russia are working to boost production, these efforts may not be sufficient to fully counteract potential supply shortages or stabilise prices. There is growing interest from independent producers exploring primary or ‘green’ helium sources from geological reserves, where helium is found in non-hydrocarbon gases. Additionally, the use of low-capex separation systems like membrane and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) technologies is beginning to tackle some of the production and purification challenges. Yet, the scalability and long-term sustainability of these solutions still need further testing and validation.
Historically, the low price of helium has discouraged significant investment in reclamation and exploration technologies. However, the increasing likelihood of chronic supply shortages and rising prices is pushing industries to adopt more aggressive helium conservation strategies. Companies are now more willing to invest in reclamation technologies and explore potential alternatives where feasible.
Despite these challenges, helium remains a cornerstone in technological development, with its role spanning sectors such as healthcare and aerospace. As the demand for helium grows, driven by global trends in energy, digitalisation, and space exploration, the market is poised for considerable transformation. New technologies and conservation methods are emerging, bringing both challenges and opportunities for industries worldwide.
While the helium market faces numerous hurdles, the potential for innovation and strategic conservation efforts offers a pathway towards a more sustainable and secure future for this vital resource.
Pulsar Helium Inc (TSXV:PLSR) is a leading primary helium exploration and development company. Its flagship Topaz Project in Minnesota, USA, flowed North America’s highest concentration of helium at 14.5%. Commercially viable helium project concentrations begin @ 0.3%.
