Aviation’s role in global emissions may be small compared to industries like concrete manufacturing, but its visibility makes it a symbol of high-carbon consumption. As the industry regroups post-COVID and heads towards an anticipated trillion-dollar valuation by 2030, it faces a stark challenge. Climate change is not only an existential threat to the planet but also to aviation itself, with extreme weather events and turbulence already reshaping its landscape. Meaningful action must begin now to ensure aviation can grow sustainably, reduce emissions, and remain resilient in a rapidly warming world.
Despite contributing around 2.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, aviation is set to grow at an annual rate of 4%, intensifying its environmental footprint. This growth trajectory collides with the urgent need to achieve net zero by 2050, particularly when the industry’s reliance on traditional kerosene fuel and unproven future technologies creates significant roadblocks. Nonetheless, solutions exist that not only cut emissions but improve operational efficiency and passenger experience.
Advancements in flight planning are already yielding environmental and safety benefits. Airlines are deploying AI and optimisation software to select fuel-efficient routes and altitudes, reducing turbulence, contrails, and arrival delays caused by holding patterns. Improved air traffic control and optimised aircraft separation can further reduce fuel waste, enhancing sustainability while elevating passenger comfort and safety.
Sustainability gains can also be found within operations. Modern aircraft designs with advanced aerodynamics and fuel-efficient engines are revolutionising efficiency, while retrofitting older fleets with winglets and lightweight cabins is bridging the gap. On the ground, adopting renewable energy to replace auxiliary power units and refining cargo and passenger distribution contribute to a leaner carbon footprint.
The transition to sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) is pivotal. With the potential to slash CO₂ emissions by up to 98%, SAFs derived from biofuels or synthetic alternatives like artificial kerosene are vital. However, ensuring consistent supply, equitable access, and reliable quality are crucial challenges that must be addressed to scale this solution effectively.
Airports also hold the key to greener skies. Incorporating renewable energy sources like solar and wind to power ground operations, terminals, and equipment can significantly cut emissions. Electric tugs and baggage loaders, alongside reduced engine taxiing practices, exemplify how airports can become hubs of sustainability. With over 575 airport projects globally valued at £395 billion, the opportunity to design next-generation eco-friendly airports has never been greater.
Sustainability must also extend to passengers. By reshaping the journey from home to destination, aviation can reduce its indirect carbon impact. Services like home luggage pickup and incentivising public transport to airports are forward-thinking solutions. Even lighter packing, supported by essentials or sports equipment provided at destinations, can play a part in aviation’s greener transformation.
The future of aviation rests on its ability to embrace change and innovate for a sustainable tomorrow. By optimising operations, investing in cutting-edge technologies, and fostering collaboration across the industry, aviation can chart a path to growth that aligns with global climate goals.
Avation PLC (LON:AVAP) is a commercial passenger aircraft leasing company owning a fleet of aircraft which it leases to airlines across the world. Avation’s future focus are new technology low CO2 emission aircraft.
