Take a moment to observe your surroundings – how many plastic items can you spot? Chances are, there are more than you realise. From everyday objects to crucial materials in various industries, plastic is embedded in much of modern life. However, exciting developments in science have led to the creation of plastic from renewable plant sources. These bioplastics, which may already be part of the products you use, hold the potential to revolutionise the way we produce and dispose of plastic.
Bioplastics are made from renewable biological resources such as algae, hemp, or corn, as opposed to the fossil fuels traditionally used to create plastic. These materials can be used to manufacture a variety of plastic products, which perform in much the same way as conventional plastics. When these products reach the end of their life, they can be disposed of through composting or recycling, depending on the type of resin used.
There are several types of bioplastics, each made from different feedstocks. Starch-based bioplastics, for example, come from plants like corn, potatoes, and rice, and are commonly used for products such as food service items and packaging that are compostable. Cellulose-based bioplastics are derived from wood or hemp and can be used in everything from eyeglass frames to electronics. Some bioplastics, like bio-based polyethylene, are chemically identical to their traditional counterparts but are sourced from plants instead of fossil fuels.
The benefits of bioplastics are numerous. Unlike traditional plastics, which are made from fossil fuels and rarely recycled, bioplastics help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and landfill waste. They offer several advantages, including a smaller carbon footprint, reduced consumption of fossil fuels, and versatile end-of-life options. In some cases, bioplastics even use less energy in production and can provide the same or better functionality than conventional plastics. They also support the bioeconomy, offering economic benefits.
Bioplastics are already being used across various sectors, making a significant impact. In packaging, for instance, bioplastics now account for almost half of the industry, with products such as bioplastic beverage bottles and food packaging becoming increasingly common. Bioplastics are also widely used in foodservice items like cups, trays, and cutlery, as well as in agriculture, where biodegradable mulch films are helping to reduce environmental impact. The use of bioplastics is also expanding in consumer electronics, with items like laptops and smartphones incorporating sustainable plastic alternatives. In the automotive industry, bioplastics are being used for car parts, including seats and dashboards, due to their durability.
To maximise the benefits of bioplastics, we need improved infrastructure for their disposal. Better labelling and more accessible composting and recycling facilities will help ensure bioplastics are disposed of correctly. This would allow consumers and facilities to take full advantage of the environmental benefits that bioplastics offer, creating a more sustainable future for us all.
As the world moves towards more sustainable solutions, the adoption of bioplastics will play a crucial role in reducing our reliance on fossil fuels and improving the circular economy. With continued innovation, we can look forward to a future where plastic waste is significantly reduced, and our environment is better protected.
Biome Technologies plc (LON:BIOM) is a growth oriented, commercially driven technology group. The Group’s primary activity is the development of its fast growing business in bioplastics. The Group comprises two divisions: Biome Bioplastics and Stanelco RF Technologies.
